Abstract Neuroenteric cysts (NEC) are congenital malformations of endodermal origin, denoting 0.01% of all tumors, where most of these lesions have a spinal location. The authors reported a case that presents an intracranial NEC and Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) simultaneously. A 21-year-old male patient with clinical data related with KFS presented to the hospital with obstructive hydrocephalus secondary to an infratentorial lesion, located in the right cerebellum. An urgent ventriculoperitoneal shunt was placed and a midline suboccipital craniectomy with resection of C1 posterior arch and tumor excision was carried out, obtaining a lesion characteristic of NEC through histopathological study.

Anopheles aquasalis larvae are salt water tolerant, preferring concentrations between 10 and 20 parts per thousand (ppt). The larvicidal efficacy of two formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Vectobac-12AS® and Bactivec®), was investigated against An. aquasalis at salinities of 0, 10, and 20 ppt. A probit analysis was used to calculate the lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC95) for each product at each salinity. The LC50 and LC95 were higher for Bactivec® than Vectobac-12AS®, and for Bactivec®, the LC50 and LC95 increased with salinity. Vectobac-12AS® should thus be preferred to Bactivec® for An. aquasalis control, especially in saline breeding habitats.

Actualmente existen diferentes productos a base de Bacillus spp. que tienen un efecto larvicida sobre Anopheles spp., vectores de la malaria. Sin embargo, su eficacia es variable dependiendo de la especie blanco y las condiciones ambientales. Se evaluó la efectividad del producto Griselesf® (Bacillus sphaericus 2362) como controlador biológico de Anopheles aquasalis, principal vector de malaria en el estado Sucre, en dos ocasiones bajo las mismas condiciones de laboratorio, en el año 2002 y luego en el 2006. Se prepararon soluciones del producto a concentraciones de 1, 5, 10, 50 y 100 ppm (año 2002) y 5, 25, 50, 75 y 100 ppm (año 2006), en 600 mL de agua potable. Luego se trasvasaron 100 mL de cada una de las soluciones en envases plásticos de 250 mL y se colocaron 10 larvas de los estadíos tercero tardío o cuarto temprano en cada uno de los recipientes. En el 2002, a los 48 horas en 100 ppm el Griselesf® había matado solamente 0,84% de la población aumentando a 25% a las 72 horas. En el 2006, en 100 ppm, hubo mortalidades de 6,67 y 11,67% de las poblaciones de las larvas a las 48 y 72 horas respectivamente. Los resultados sugieren que Griselesf® no es efectivo contra las larvas de An. aquasalis del estado Sucre.

There are many different formulations of Bacillus spp. used as larvicides against the malaria vectors, Anopheles spp. Nevertheless, their effectiveness is variable depending on the target species and environmental conditions. The effectiveness of Griselesf® (Bacillus sphaericus 2362) as a biological control agent for the principal malaria vector in Sucre state, Anopheles aquasalis, was evaluated under similar laboratory conditions on two occasions, in 2002 and later in 2006. Solutions of the product were prepared at concentrations of 1, 5, 10, 50 and 100 ppm (2002) and 5, 25, 50, 75 and 100 ppm (2006), in 600 mL of potable water and for each concentration 100 mL was poured into each of six 250 mL plastic recipients. Ten late third or early fourth instar larvae were then placed into each recipient. In 2002, after 48 hours in 100 ppm Griselesf® had only killed 0,84% of the population, rising to 25% after 72 hours. In 2006, in 100 ppm, the mortality rates were 6,67 and 11,67% after 48 and 72 hours respectively. The results suggest that Griselesf® is not effective against An. aquasalis from Sucre state.